Zimbabwe is considering using its vast natural resources to fund road and railway construction projects with China, finance minister Mthuli Ncube said on Wednesday.
The southern African nation, Africa’s top lithium producer, has significant mineral resources. But years of economic mismanagement and political turmoil have left its infrastructure severely underdeveloped. The African Development Bank estimates Zimbabwe needs about $34 billion to modernise its transport and logistics networks.
Ncube said Harare has begun discussions with China Railway on resource-backed financing arrangements on the sidelines of the World Economic Forum in Dalian.
“We spoke to them about resource-linked debt instruments that we want to explore going forward to support our infrastructure development, especially roads and rail,” Ncube told reporters.
Under such arrangements, Zimbabwe would pledge future revenues from natural resources to repay loans tied to specific projects.
“It’s now up to us to decide which roads we want to develop, how much these roads will cost, how much we will raise in terms of toll fees, and how much still remains to be filled by investment in a natural resource, how much return it will generate towards extinguishing the loan,” Ncube said.
Zimbabwe’s dilapidated rail system is critical for moving minerals and its revival is in the interests of Chinese mining firms which have gained a dominant position in the country’s extractive sector.
The approach echoes a mineral-linked $7 billion infrastructure agreement the Democratic Republic of Congo has with Chinese companies as part of the Sicomines copper and cobalt joint venture.
Separately, Ncube said Zimbabwe will not delay a planned ban on the export of lithium concentrate, set to take effect in January 2027, despite industry pressure for more time.
Chinese firms have invested over $2 billion in Zimbabwe’s lithium sector since 2021, strengthening Beijing’s influence over a critical supply chain for electric vehicle batteries.
Zimbabwe has been pushing miners to process more of the mineral domestically. Ncube said the industry could process concentrates locally at a lithium sulphate plant recently built by Zhejiang Huayou Cobalt (603799.SS), opens new tab and another under development at Sinomine’s (002738.SZ), opens new tab Bikita mine.
