A Senior Research Analyst with the Institute of Fiscal Studies (IFS) Dr. Saeed Boakye says the banking sector cleanup by the government was poorly planned.
According to him, the process was not carefully thought through hence the seeming tension in the industry and government’s inability to refund customers monies.
“I have issues with the whole financial sector bailout. To me, it wasn’t adequately planned. Where are the depositors’ monies? I don’t understand the whole process. I do not want to see too many promises in the 2020 budget. The budget should be a lean one because of the situation the country finds itself. If the government is honest, many will understand,” he said.
The Bank of Ghana has revoked the licences of 9 universal banks, 347 micro finance companies, 39 micro credit companies, 15 savings and loans companies, eight finance house companies, and two non-bank institutions. Last week, it revoked the license of some 53 fund management firms.
Background
As part of its efforts to restore confidence in the banking and specialized deposit-taking sectors, the Bank of Ghana embarked on a clean-up exercise in August 2017 to resolve insolvent financial institutions whose continued existence posed risks to the interest of depositors.
A comprehensive assessment of the savings and loans and finance house sub-sectors carried out by the Bank of Ghana in the last few years, identified serious challenges (see Annex 2), summarized as follows:
The levels of capital held by some savings and loans companies and finance house companies were in violation of the minimum regulatory capital required by Act 930. This made it precarious for these institutions to continue to undertake the business of specialized deposit-taking institutions, given the risks they posed to their depositors and other counter-parties to whom they were exposed directly or indirectly;
Excessive risk-taking without the required risk management function to manage risk exposures;
The use of depositors’ funds to finance personal or related-party projects or businesses on terms that were not commercial, leading to little or no income accruing to the relevant savings and loans companies or finance house companies and thereby compounding their liquidity challenges;
Corporate governance weaknesses with weak board oversight, poor accountability, and override of internal controls;
Creative accounting practices and under-provisioning for impaired assets, thereby misrepresenting their true financial condition to the Bank of Ghana and other stakeholders; and persistent regulatory breaches, involving non-compliance with Bank of Ghana’s prudential rules and failure to implement Bank of Ghana on-site examination recommendations.
All efforts by the Bank of Ghana to get the shareholders and directors of the affected institutions to rectify the above lapses, especially the significant capital deficiencies, yielded no positive results. Consequently, the financial position of these institutions has continued to deteriorate, leading to their insolvency with some of them ceasing operations and closing their offices to depositors while those currently in operation are unable to pay depositors and other creditors at all or fully.
Given the risks that these institutions continue to pose to the entire financial system and the need to protect the interest of depositors, the Bank of Ghana is sanitizing this sub-sector through the orderly resolution of the failed institutions in accordance with Sections 123 to 137 of Act 930.